| identical | same, exactly the same |
| illness rate or clinical attack rate | number of sick people; (Use a ratio like “3 in every 10 New Yorkers are sick” or a percentage like “30 percent of all Floridians are sick.”) |
| illustrate | show, draw, picture |
| immediately | at once, right away |
| immerse | put completely in, completely cover |
| immune globulin | something in your blood that helps fight disease |
| immune | when your body can protect itself from a disease; protected from |
| immunity | the body’s ability to keep from getting a disease; protection from disease, ability to fight off an illness |
| immunization | getting a vaccine (shot) |
| immunize | to protect again disease, usually by a shot |
| immunological | related to the immune system |
| immunosupression | when your body can’t fight disease |
| immunotherapy | medical treatment that helps your body fight off diseases |
| impede | get in the way, slow |
| imperative | important, pressing, urgent |
| imperceptible | hard to see, hidden |
| implement | start, begin |
| in excess of | more than |
| in the absence of | without |
| in the course of | during, in |
| in the event of | if |
| in vitro | out of the body, outside the body, laboratory grown, in a test tube |
| in vivo | within the body, inside the body grown inside animal |
| inaccuracy | error, mistake, chance that there is a mistake |
| inactive vaccine | a vaccine that uses germs that have been killed |
| inadvertently | without meaning to |
| inadvisable | risky, not smart, may be dangerous |
| inapparent infection | when you are sick but you don’t feel bad |
| incidence | how many people get sick |
| incidence | number of sick people |
| incident of national significance | national emergency |
| incise | cut |
| incision | cut |
| incisors | front teeth, front “biting” teeth |
| inclement | harsh, extreme, dangerous |
| incorrect | wrong, not true, false |
| increase | add to, raise |
| incubation period | the length of time a disease is in someone’s body before they feel or look sick |
| indicate | suggest, point to |
| indication | sign, signal |
| indigenous | local to, comes from, native |
| individual | person, you, man, woman |
| inexpensive | cheap, low cost, low priced |
| infect disease | spread by germ or virus, to get sick, to make someone sick, to spread a disease |
| infection control | how to avoid sickness |
| infection | illness caused by germs, a sickness you get from germs |
| infectious agent | virus, germs, something that makes you sick, disease, flu, parasite |
| infectious | something that can spread disease |
| inflame | make hot, red, or swollen; swollen |
| inflammation | swelling, injury, sore |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | digestive system disease, intestinal problems |
| influenza | flu |
| inform | tell |
| infusion | put fluids or drugs directly into your blood |
| ingestion | eating, drinking, swallowing |
| inhalation | breathing, breathing in |
| inhale | breathe in; take a breath |
| inhaler | breathing medicine/drug, asthma medicine |
| inherent | natural, built in, native |
| inherit | acquire, get, obtain, be left |
| inheritance | passing of traits (such as eye color) from parent to child |
| inhibit | check, bar, forbid, stop |
| initial | first, earliest, basic |
| injection | shot, to give medicine by needle, booster, dose |
| inquire | ask |
| instrument | tool |
| insufficient | not enough, too little, failing, poor |
| integrate | combine with, make part of |
| intention | goal, aim, desire, end |
| internal organs | inside parts of your body (heart, lungs, stomach, kidneys, etc.) |
| interrupt | stop, break |
| intrauterine device | IUD, birth control |
| intravenous (IV) | into your vein; into your blood stream, putting drugs or fluids directly into your blood |
| investigational vaccine | vaccine still being tested |
| irrefutable | certain, final, obvious, proven |
| irritable | sensitive, complaining, grouchy, testy |
| irritant | bother; pain, pest, problem |
| isolate | a specific type of virus; a specific type of flu |
| isolation of ill people | staying away from people who are sick; keeping sick people at home |
| Source: CDC Plain Language Thesaurus for Health Communications. Other related materials: Vaccines & Immunizations Glossary; Harvard School of Public Health "Plain Language Glossaries" for asthma, arthritis, and lupus; Medical Library Association "Deciphering Medspeak" for diabetes, stroke, and HIV-AIDS |
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Exercises created by Atty. Gerry T. Galacio based on copyrighted materials available on the Internet. You can use these exercises only on a personal, educational, and non-commercial basis; you must not upload these exercises and resources to an intranet, to a website, or to the cloud. For comments, questions, or corrections, email gtgalacio@yahoo.com
Exercises created with freeware Hot Potatoes v. 6.3 from the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada.
Free seminar-workshops on English proficiency and on photojournalism for Metro Manila schools: email gtgalacio@yahoo.com or text 0927-798-3138
Family Matters (complete text of the Family Code of the Philippines; frequently asked questions; relevant laws like RA 9262; legal procedures and Rules of Court)
Legal Updates (in-depth discussions of issues affecting the Filipino family, legal procedures, support, inheritance, etc.): Plain Language / Plain English for government offices, private companies, schools, and organizations; Clear, concise English for effective legal writing; Legal procedures in civil and criminal cases; Heirs and inheritances |
Better English resources and exercises (free resources on grammar, pronunciation, spelling, writing, vocabulary, idioms, reading comprehension, public speaking, etc.); Related website: Interactive English grammar and vocabulary exercises based on Korean historical dramas such as A Jewel In The Palace, Dong Yi, Jumong, Empress Ki, Moonlight Drawn by Clouds (Love In The Moonlight), etc.
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